01291nas a2200145   4500008004100000245008500041210006900126260010100195300000900296490000700305520069200312100001801004700001301022856011001035       1996                        eng d00aFour new species of the family Desmodoridae (Nematoda, Desmodoroidea) from Kenya0 aFour new species of the family Desmodoridae Nematoda Desmodoroid  aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GBbPERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD  a1-200 v253 aChromaspirina vanreuselae sp. n., Zalonema myrianae sp. n., Echinodesmodora moensi sp. n., and Metachromadora (Bradylainus) nyalii sp. n. are described from coarse coral sands in the intertidal zone of beaches along the Kenyan coast. In Chromaspirina vanreuselae sp. n., 15 cheilorhabdia (instead of 12 which is typical for the Chromadorina) are found in the cheilostome. Zalonema Cobb, 1920, is restored to the genus level. Comments are given on the term 'head region', and on ontogenetic transformations of some morphological characters, such as amphidial shape, presence, number and position of subcephalic setae, and tail shape. (C) 1996 The Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters.1 aVerschelde, D1 aVincx, M  uhttps://nematoda.myspecies.info/content/four-new-species-family-desmodoridae-nematoda-desmodoroidea-kenya02302nas a2200265   4500008004100000245007200041210006900113260009400182300001200276490000700288520143100295653001101726653002601737653001801763653001401781653001601795653002401811653002001835100001701855700001301872700001801885700001501903700001501918856010301933       2005                        eng d00aMeiofauna as descriptor of tourism-induced changes at sandy beaches0 aMeiofauna as descriptor of tourisminduced changes at sandy beach  aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLANDbELSEVIER SCI LTD  a245-2650 v603 aTourism has long been considered as a 'clean industry' with almost no negative effects on the environment. This study demonstrated, in two different coastal systems (Mediterranean and Baltic), that tourism related activities are particularly affecting the sandy beach meio-and nematofauna in the upper beach zone, the specific ecotone in which many meiofauna species from both the marine and the terrestrial environment congregate. Tourist upper beaches are characterized by a lower % total organic matter (%TOM), lower densities, lower diversities (absence of Insecta, Harpacticoida, Oligochaeta, terrestrial nematodes and marine Ironidae nematodes) and higher community stress compared to nearby non-tourist locations. The %TOM was found to be the single most important factor for the observed differences in meiofauna assemblage structure at tourist versus non-tourist beaches in both the Mediterranean and the Baltic region. The free-living nematode assemblages from tourist upper zones depart significantly from expectations based on random selections from the regional nematode species pool. Furthermore upper zone assemblages are characterised by a low species diversity consisting of taxonomically closely related nematode species with r-strategist features. Generally, faunal differences between tourist and non-tourist beaches are decreasing towards the lower beach zones. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.10aBaltic10afree-living nematodes10aMediterranean10ameiofauna10asandy beach10ataxonomic diversity10atourist impacts1 aGheskiere, T1 aVincx, M1 aWeslawski, JM1 aScapini, F1 aDegraer, S  uhttps://nematoda.myspecies.info/content/meiofauna-descriptor-tourism-induced-changes-sandy-beaches03129nas a2200277   4500008004100000245010300041210006900144260008500213300001200298490000700310520214500317653001802462653001902480653001602499653001402515653002202529653002502551100001902576700002102595700002502616700002502641700002102666700001302687700001802700856013302718       2009                        eng d00aBiodiversity patterns of free-living marine nematodes in a tropical bay: Cienfuegos, Caribbean Sea0 aBiodiversity patterns of freeliving marine nematodes in a tropic  a24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLANDbACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD  a179-1890 v853 aSpatial and temporal biodiversity patterns of free-living marine nematodes were studied in Cienfuegos Bay, a tropical semi-enclosed basin in the Caribbean Sea. Taxonomic (to species level) and functional (biological trait) approaches were applied for describing the assemblage structure and relating it to abiotic environment based on a sampling scheme in six subtidal stations and three months. Biological trait approach added relevant information to species pattern regarding relationships between diversity patterns and the abiotic environment. The most common morphotypes were deposit feeding nematodes, with colonising abilities of 2-3 (in a scale from 1 to 5), tail conical cylindrical or filiforme and body slender; and their abundance were correlated with depth, organic matter and silt/clay fraction. In spite of a high turnover of species, functional diversity of assemblages did not change notably in space and time. A result probably due to sampling of the habitat pool of species and to low heterogeneity of the studied muddy bottoms. Chemical pollution (organic enrichment and heavy metals) and hydrodynamic regime possibly drove the biodiversity patterns. Spatial distribution of assemblages support the existence of two well differentiated basins inside the bay, the northern basin more polluted than the southern one. The low hydrodynamic regime would determine a poor dispersion of nematodes resulting in high spatial variance in the assemblage structure; and also the associated hypoxic conditions and pollutants in sediments can explain the dominance of tolerant nematode species such as Daptonema oxycerca, Sabatieria pulchra, Terschellingia gourbaultae, and Terschellingia longicaudata. A comparison of spatial-temporal patterns of biodiversity between Cienfuegos Bay and other semi-enclosed bays in temperate regions suggests several similarities: nematode assemblages are strongly influenced by anthropogenic disturbance, temporal trends are weak or overridden by spatial ones, and few cosmopolitan genera/species tolerant to pollution and hypoxic conditions are dominant. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.10aCaribbean Sea10amarine ecology10aMeiobenthos10anematodes10aspecies diversity10atropical environment1 aArmenteros, M.1 aRuiz-Abierno, A.1 aFernandez-Garces, R.1 aPerez-Garcia, J., A.1 aDiaz-Asencio, L.1 aVincx, M1 aDecraemer, W.  uhttps://nematoda.myspecies.info/content/biodiversity-patterns-free-living-marine-nematodes-tropical-bay-cienfuegos-caribbean-sea03768nas a2200253   4500008004100000245006900041210006100110260008800171300001200259490000700271520297600278653001703254653001103271653001603282653001403298653001603312653001103328653001403339653002603353653001003379100001303389700001303402856009903415       1998                        eng d00aOn the cultivation of free-living marine and estuarine nematodes0 acultivation of freeliving marine and estuarine nematodes  aBIBLIOTHEK COLUMBUSSTR, D-27568 BREMERHAVEN, GERMANYbBIOLOGISCHE ANSTALT HELGOLAND  a115-1390 v523 aAlthough a large body of literature exists on the systematics and ecology of free-living marine and brackish-water nematodes, key questions on the nature and magnitude of interactions between nematodes and other organisms in the benthos remain unanswered. Relatively few authors have investigated live nematodes in food web studies or in experiments dealing with the nematodes' response to a varying environment. It is mainly for the latter purpose that attempts have been made to maintain, rear and cultivate selected species. This paper describes the methodology used for the maintenance, rearing, and eventual permanent agnotobiotic cultivation of a variety of estuarine nematodes. Spot plates, where small samples of sediment or macrophyte material are inoculated on a sloppy agar layer, have been used for the purpose of maintenance and initial cultivation. Those species that reproduce on spot plates are then selected for monospecific cultivation on agar layers with different nutrient enrichments and with micro-organisms cotransferred from the spot plates as food. Mixtures of bacto and nutrient agar prepared in artificial seawater were specifically suitable for the xenic cultivation of nine bacterivorous and, when supplied with Erdschreiber nutrients, two algivorous/bacterivorous nematode species. Up to three generations of five other nematode species have been reared under laboratory conditions, and several more were kept alive and active for variable periods of time on agar. Generation times observed on spot plates for Adoncholaimus fuscus and Oncholaimus oxyuris were substantially shorter than previously published estimates and suggest a correspondingly higher predatory and scavenging potency for these and related enoplids. A procedure for the long-term storage of nematodes at -80 degrees C with glycerol as a cryoprotectant was successfully used for Diplolaimella dievengatensis, Panagrolaimus sp. 1, and Pellioditis marina, but not for Diplolaimelloides meyli. The authors have also summarized the existing literature on the cultivation of marine and brackish-water nematodes. Continuous cultivation appears to have been successful mainly for Aufwuchs and epiphytic nematodes; only few sediment-dwellers have been established in permanent culture. Of only just over 30 species that have ever been cultivated, more than half belong to one family (Monhysteridae) and three are Rhabditida, an order poorly represented in the marine environment. Four species have been grown in monoxenic and one in axenic culture, the latter though with limited success. It is concluded that our understanding of the basic nutritional requirements of marine nematodes is as yet insufficient, and that the culture techniques which have so far mainly deployed agar or Liquid substrates, while being suitable for the cultivation of Aufwuchs and epiphytic nematodes, do not accurately enough mimic gradients specific of the natural habitat of many sediment-dwellers.10aagnotobiotic10aaxenic10acultivation10aestuarine10amaintenance10amarine10anematodes10aWesterschelde Estuary10axenic1 aMoens, T1 aVincx, M  uhttps://nematoda.myspecies.info/content/cultivation-free-living-marine-and-estuarine-nematodes00474nas a2200145   4500008004100000245003600041210003200077260009100109300001200200490000700212100001200219700001300231700001500244856006900259       1985                        eng d00aTHE ECOLOGY OF MARINE NEMATODES0 aECOLOGY OF MARINE NEMATODES  a10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314bIEEE COMPUTER SOC  a399-4890 v231 aHEIP, C1 aVincx, M1 aVRANKEN, G  uhttps://nematoda.myspecies.info/content/ecology-marine-nematodes00706nas a2200181   4500008004100000245013700041210006900178300001400247490000700261100002000268700001600288700001700304700001700321700002100338700001500359700001300374856013700387       2004                        eng d00aChanges in structural and functional diversity of nematode communities during a spring phytoplankton bloom in the southern North Sea0 aChanges in structural and functional diversity of nematode commu  a281–2920 v521 aVanaverbeke, J.1 aSteyaert, M1 aSoetaert, K.1 aRousseau, V.1 aVan Gansbeke, D.1 aParent, J.1 aVincx, M  uhttps://nematoda.myspecies.info/content/changes-structural-and-functional-diversity-nematode-communities-during-spring-phytoplankton02131nas a2200277   4500008004100000245012000041210006900161260008400230300001200314490000700326520114200333653001101475653001401486653002601500653001901526653001801545653003101563653002601594100001701620700001301637700002101650700001501671700001501686700001501701856013701716       2005                        eng d00aNematodes from wave-dominated sandy beaches: diversity, zonation patterns and testing of the isocommunities concept0 aNematodes from wavedominated sandy beaches diversity zonation pa  a24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLANDbACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD  a365-3750 v623 aSpatial patterns of nematode community structure from two geographically spaced intermediate. micro-tidal beaches (i.e. Mediterranean and Baltic) were investigated. Differences in the nematode assemblages were found to be significantly different and related to the morphodynamic characteristics of the studied zones (upper beach. swash/breakers and subtidal). Highest nematode densities and species diversities were recorded on the coarse-grained, more physically controlled. Italian beach in contrast to the more chemically controlled Polish beach. This is in contrast to the worldwide patterns of macrofaunal coinmunities. As demonstrated by higher taxonomic distinctness measurements, upper beaches were found to harbour species from both the marine and terrestrial ecosystem and are considered to be important ecotones between these adjacent systems. The swash/breaker zones are characterised by the loss of distinctive species caused by the high water percolation in these zones. The concept of parallel ecological communities 'isocommunities' is only supported for the upper beach zones. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.10aBaltic10adiversity10afree-living nematodes10aisocommunities10aMediterranean10asandy beach morphodynamics10ataxonomic relatedness1 aGheskiere, T1 aVincx, M1 aUrban-Malinga, B1 aRossano, C1 aScapini, F1 aDegraer, S  uhttps://nematoda.myspecies.info/content/nematodes-wave-dominated-sandy-beaches-diversity-zonation-patterns-and-testing-isocommunitie03377nas a2200277   4500008004100000245008300041210006900124260006600193300001200259490000800271520250300279653001302782653001502795653001402810653002202824653001402846653001602860653002302876653001002899100001302909700001602922700001702938700001402955700001302969856011702982       1999                        eng d00aSelective attraction of marine bacterivorous nematodes to their bacterial food0 aSelective attraction of marine bacterivorous nematodes to their   aNORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANYbINTER-RESEARCH  a165-1780 v1763 aThis paper explores the role of selective attraction to food in determining the spatial (micro)distribution of closely related nematode species. The attractiveness of 3 different bacterial strains to 4 species of Monhysteridae, Diplolaimelloides meyli, Diplolaimella dievengatensis, Monhystera sp. and Geomonhystera disjuncta, was studied in a multiple choice design. In our study area, the 4 nematode species considered are associated with Spartina anglica detritus decay and have partially overlapping microhabitat preferences. As they all belong to the same feeding guild, they are potential competitors for food. Each of the 4 nematode species was attracted to the bacterial strain B1, but important interspecific differences were noted in the nematodes' response to Live or heat-killed bacteria, to bacteria at different tell densities or of different age, and to the filtered supernatant of B1 culture. While the responses of D. meyli to the Gram-positive bacteria Halobacillus trueperi and to the Gramnegative Escherichia coli were similar, D. dievengatensis and Monhystera sp, were preferentially attracted to H. trueperi and E. coli, respectively. This opposite preference influenced both the numbers and their relative abundances of D. dievengatensis and Monhystera sp, inside bacterial patches in experiments with a mixed 2-species nematode inoculum. Bacterial cell density strongly influenced the nematode response, with D, meyli invariably preferring the highest cell densities offered, while D. dievengatensis and Monhystera sp, had a peak response at lower cell densities. Though chemotaxis is suggested as an underlying mechanism, the nature of the nematodes' response remains unproved. The present results strongly support the importance of food patchiness in determining the heterogeneous distribution of nematodes, and extend the concept in such a way as to allow for small differences in microhabitat choice between closely related species. They also support the view that nematodes are specialist feeders, though they probably select spots where suitable food is plentiful rather than individual food particles. Finally, the present study offers a baseline for an understanding and further study of patterns of succession among nematode species associated with decaying Spartina anglica detritus in terms of highly specific relationships with different strains, growth stages, and densities of bacteria involved in the mineralization of Spartina anglica-derived organic matter.10abacteria10achemotaxis10aestuarine10amicrodistribution10anematodes10arecruitment10aspecies succession10ataxis1 aMoens, T1 aVerbeeck, L1 ade Maeyer, A1 aSwings, J1 aVincx, M  uhttps://nematoda.myspecies.info/content/selective-attraction-marine-bacterivorous-nematodes-their-bacterial-food02459nas a2200181   4500008004100000245017300041210006900214260008800283300001300371490000700384520166800391100001602059700001902075700002002094700001302114700001302127856013702140       2007                        eng d00aColonization patterns of Nematoda on decomposing algae in the estuarine environment: Community assembly and genetic structure of the dominant species Pellioditis marina0 aColonization patterns of Nematoda on decomposing algae in the es  a5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710-4446 USAbAMER SOC LIMNOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY  a992-10010 v523 aWe performed a field experiment in the Westerschelde Estuary (The Netherlands) to characterize the colonization dynamics of nematodes in relation to the proximity of a source population and to local environmental conditions. The effects of colonization on the population genetic structure of the dominant species, Pellioditis marina, were simultaneously investigated. Two contrasting sites, each containing four patches with defaunated algae, were sampled seven times during 1 month. Site A was situated amidst Fucus stands, which permanently harbor P. marina, while site B was approximately 100 m from any source population and experienced more stressful environmental conditions. We hypothesized that (1) colonization in site A would proceed faster than in site B and that (2) founder events and genetic bottlenecks would affect population genetic structure and differentiation at site B more than at site A. We screened 992 individuals for variation in 426 base pairs of the cytochrome oxidase c subunit 1 gene with the single-strand conformation polymorphism method. The algal deposits at site A were indeed more rapidly colonized and reached fivefold higher densities of nematodes than those in site B. Haplotype composition in site A was very similar to that of the source population, while rare haplotypes were abundant and genetic diversity was lower in site B. We conclude that founder effects and genetic bottlenecks structured the populations in site B. The genetic differences between patches in each site further indicate that effective migration in P. marina is low and that priority effects influence the genetic structure of P. marina populations.1 aDerycke, S.1 aVan Vynckt, R.1 aVanoverbeke, J.1 aVincx, M1 aMoens, T  uhttps://nematoda.myspecies.info/content/colonization-patterns-nematoda-decomposing-algae-estuarine-environment-community-assembly-an02492nas a2200289   4500008004100000245014900041210006900190260007600259300000900335490000800344520150100352653000801853653000901861653001701870653001801887653001301905653000801918653002301926653001901949100001601968700001601984700001902000700002002019700001302039700001302052856013702065       2008                        eng d00aDisentangling taxonomy within the Rhabditis (Pellioditis) marina (Nematoda, Rhabditidae) species complex using molecular and morphological tools0 aDisentangling taxonomy within the Rhabditis Pellioditis marina N  a9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2ZG, OXON, ENGLANDbBLACKWELL PUBLISHING  a1-150 v1523 aCorrect taxonomy is a prerequisite for biological research, but currently it is undergoing a serious crisis, resulting in the neglect of many highly diverse groups of organisms. In nematodes, species delimitation remains problematic due to their high morphological plasticity. Evolutionary approaches using DNA sequences can potentially overcome the problems caused by morphology, but they are also affected by theoretical flaws. A holistic approach with a combination of morphological and molecular methods can therefore produce a straightforward delimitation of species. The present study investigates the taxonomic status of some highly divergent mitochondrial haplotypes in the Rhabditis (Pellioditis) marina species complex by using a combination of molecular and morphological tools. We used three molecular markers (COI, ITS, D2D3) and performed phylogenetic analyses. Subsequently, morphometric data from nearly all lineages were analysed with multivariate techniques. We included R. (P.) mediterranea and R. (R.) nidrosiensis to infer species status of the observed lineages. The results showed that highly divergent genotypic clusters were accompanied by morphological differences, and we created a graphical polytomous key for identifications. This study indisputably demonstrates that R. (P.) marina and R. (P.) mediterranea belong to a huge species complex and that biodiversity in free-living marine nematodes may be seriously underestimated. (C) 2008 The Linnean Society of London.10aCOI10aD2D310adelimitation10aDNA-barcoding10aholistic10aITS10aPellioditis marina10apolytomous key1 aDerycke, S.1 aFonseca, G.1 aVierstraete, A1 aVanfleteren, J.1 aVincx, M1 aMoens, T  uhttps://nematoda.myspecies.info/content/disentangling-taxonomy-within-rhabditis-pellioditis-marina-nematoda-rhabditidae-species-comp00478nas a2200145   4500008004100000245006400041210005900105300001100164490000700175100001200182700001300194700001300207700001500220856009700235       1982                        eng d00aThe systematics and ecology of free-living marine nematodes0 asystematics and ecology of freeliving marine nematodes  a1–310 v511 aHEIP, C1 aVincx, M1 aSmol, N.1 aVRANKEN, G  uhttps://nematoda.myspecies.info/content/systematics-and-ecology-free-living-marine-nematodes