03830nas a2200577   4500008004100000245008900041210006900130260008700199300000900286490000700295520203500302653001702337653002602354653001302380653002602393653001402419653002002433100001902453700002102472700002202493700003002515700002302545700001702568700001602585700002402601700002002625700003502645700001902680700001802699700002602717700001602743700002102759700002102780700002002801700001802821700002002839700002502859700001802884700002202902700002102924700002302945700001902968700002502987700001803012700001703030700001603047700002203063700002803085700002003113856011903133       2010                        eng d00aThe contribution of deep-sea macrohabitat heterogeneity to global nematode diversity0 acontribution of deepsea macrohabitat heterogeneity to global nem  aCOMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USAbWILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC  a6-200 v313 aThe great variety of geological and hydrological conditions in the deep sea generates many different habitats. Some are only recently explored, although their true extent and geographical coverage are still not fully established. Both continental margins and mid-oceanic seafloors are much more complex ecologically, geologically, chemically and hydrodynamically than originally thought. As a result, fundamental patterns of species distribution first observed and explained in the context of relatively monotonous slopes and abyssal plains must now be re-evaluated in the light of this newly recognized habitat heterogeneity. Based on a global database of nematode genus composition, collected as part of the Census of Marine Life, we show that macrohabitat heterogeneity contributes significantly to total deep-sea nematode diversity on a global scale. Different deep-sea settings harbour specific nematode assemblages. Some of them, like coral rubble zones or nodule areas, are very diverse habitats. Factors such as increased substrate complexity in the case of nodules and corals seem to facilitate the co-existence of a large number of genera with different modes of life, ranging from sediment dwelling to epifaunal. Furthermore, strong biochemical gradients in the case of vents or seeps are responsible for the success of particular genera, which are not prominent in more typical soft sediments. Many nematode deep-sea genera are cosmopolitan, inhabiting a variety of deep-sea habitats and oceans, whereas only 21% of all deep-sea genera recorded are restricted to a single habitat. In addition to habitat heterogeneity, regional differences are important in structuring nematode assemblages. For instance, seeps from different regions yield different genera that thrive on the sulphidic sediments. This study also shows that many areas and habitats remain highly under-sampled, affecting our ability to understand fully the contribution of habitat heterogeneity versus regional differences to global nematode diversity.10aBiodiversity10acensus of marine life10adeep sea10ahabitat heterogeneity10ameiofauna10anematode genera1 aVanreusel, Ann1 aFonseca, Gustavo1 aDanovaro, Roberto1 ada Silva, Maria, Cristina1 aEsteves, Andre, M.1 aFerrero, Tim1 aGad, Gunnar1 aGaltsova, Valentina1 aGambi, Cristina1 aGenevois, Veronica, da Fonseca1 aIngels, Jeroen1 aIngole, Baban1 aLampadariou, Nikolaos1 aMerckx, Bea1 aMiljutin, Dmitry1 aMiljutina, Maria1 aMuthumbi, Agnes1 aNetto, Sergio1 aPortnova, Daria1 aRadziejewska, Teresa1 aRaes, Maarten1 aTchesunov, Alexei1 aVanaverbeke, Jan1 aVan Gaever, Saskia1 aVenekey, Virag1 aBezerra, Tania, Nara1 aFlint, Hannah1 aCopley, John1 aPape, Ellen1 aZeppilli, Daniela1 aMartinez, Pedro, Arbizu1 aGaleron, Joelle  uhttps://nematoda.myspecies.info/content/contribution-deep-sea-macrohabitat-heterogeneity-global-nematode-diversity02302nas a2200265   4500008004100000245007200041210006900113260009400182300001200276490000700288520143100295653001101726653002601737653001801763653001401781653001601795653002401811653002001835100001701855700001301872700001801885700001501903700001501918856010301933       2005                        eng d00aMeiofauna as descriptor of tourism-induced changes at sandy beaches0 aMeiofauna as descriptor of tourisminduced changes at sandy beach  aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLANDbELSEVIER SCI LTD  a245-2650 v603 aTourism has long been considered as a 'clean industry' with almost no negative effects on the environment. This study demonstrated, in two different coastal systems (Mediterranean and Baltic), that tourism related activities are particularly affecting the sandy beach meio-and nematofauna in the upper beach zone, the specific ecotone in which many meiofauna species from both the marine and the terrestrial environment congregate. Tourist upper beaches are characterized by a lower % total organic matter (%TOM), lower densities, lower diversities (absence of Insecta, Harpacticoida, Oligochaeta, terrestrial nematodes and marine Ironidae nematodes) and higher community stress compared to nearby non-tourist locations. The %TOM was found to be the single most important factor for the observed differences in meiofauna assemblage structure at tourist versus non-tourist beaches in both the Mediterranean and the Baltic region. The free-living nematode assemblages from tourist upper zones depart significantly from expectations based on random selections from the regional nematode species pool. Furthermore upper zone assemblages are characterised by a low species diversity consisting of taxonomically closely related nematode species with r-strategist features. Generally, faunal differences between tourist and non-tourist beaches are decreasing towards the lower beach zones. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.10aBaltic10afree-living nematodes10aMediterranean10ameiofauna10asandy beach10ataxonomic diversity10atourist impacts1 aGheskiere, T1 aVincx, M1 aWeslawski, JM1 aScapini, F1 aDegraer, S  uhttps://nematoda.myspecies.info/content/meiofauna-descriptor-tourism-induced-changes-sandy-beaches02422nas a2200253   4500008004100000245013400041210006900175260008400244300001200328490000700340520147600347653003001823653001901853653001801872653001401890653001401904653001701918653001801935100002201953700001501975700001601990700002502006856013702031       2006                        eng d00aNematode assemblages and their responses to disturbances: a case study from the Emporda wetlands (northeastern Iberian Peninsula)0 aNematode assemblages and their responses to disturbances a case   a1041 NEW HAMSPHIRE STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USAbNORTH AMER BENTHOLOGICAL SOC  a643-6550 v253 aThe salt marshes of the Emporda wetlands are subjected to both physical variability, caused by hydrological fluctuations, and nutrient variability. We assessed which of these sources of variability most influenced nematode assemblages in 5 basins in the wetlands. One of these basins was permanently inundated, but the hydroperiods of the others were variable. Taxonomic composition and the Maturity Index, which is based on the ecological characteristics of nematodes (r- or K-strategists), were used to describe the assemblages. Variation decomposition analysis showed that nematode assemblages of the Emporda wetlands were more influenced by physical variability (18.2% of explained variation), caused by changes in variables such as conductivity and granulometry, than by nutrient variability (3.4% of explained variation). The Maturity Index of the assemblages was related to hydrological disturbance, but not to eutrophy. Cluster analysis based on taxonomic composition separated the permanent basin from the temporary basins. Nematode diversity and genus richness were significantly higher in the permanent basin than in the temporary basins. We conclude that the Maturity Index is valid for assessing hydrological disturbances in fluctuating Mediterranean environments, whereas assemblage parameters such as diversity and richness may not be because they responded to water permanence but not to other environmental factors associated with hydrologic variability.10ahydrological fluctuations10amaturity Index10aMediterranean10ameiofauna10anematodes10asalt marshes10atrophic level1 aGascon, Stephanie1 aBoix, Dani1 aSala, Jordi1 aQuintana, Xavier, D.  uhttps://nematoda.myspecies.info/content/nematode-assemblages-and-their-responses-disturbances-case-study-emporda-wetlands-northeaste02419nas a2200253   4500008004100000245016200041210006900203260008400272300001200356490000700368520147600375653001301851653001401864653001401878653001901892653001301911100001501924700002001939700001701959700001701976700001901993700001602012856013702028       2008                        eng d00aAn assessment of the spatial heterogeneity of environmental disturbance within an enclosed harbour through the analysis of meiofauna and nematode assemblages0 aassessment of the spatial heterogeneity of environmental disturb  a24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLANDbACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD  a565-5760 v773 aSignificant spatial heterogeneity in the abundance and composition of meiofaunal and nematode assemblages was described inside the Genoa-Voltri harbour (Genoa, Italy) in relation to variation in the main environmental variables. In harbour sediments characterized by low Eh values and high organic matter concentrations, total meiofauna abundance was lower (948 +/- 919 ind 10 cm(-2)), nematode individual biomass was higher (0.17 +/- 0.07 mu g C), kinorhynchs and tanaids were completely absent, and the nematode assemblage was dominated by the genera Terschellingia, Sabatieria (pulchra group) and Paracomesoma. In contrast, in sediment characterized by lower levels of organic pollution, meiofaunal abundance was higher (1085 737 ind 10 cm(-2)), nematode individual biomass was lower (0.11 +/- 0.04 mu g C), kinorhynchs and tanaids were present and the nematodes were dominated by the genera Desmodora, Daptonema, Anticoma and Halalaimus. Environmental disturbance as assessed by the analysis of meiofaunal and nematode assemblages and sediment environmental variables changed significantly over a scale hundreds of meters, but did not follow a gradient from the inner to the outer harbour. Analysis of nematode assemblages is proposed as a useful tool for the identification of environmental risk areas which may assist in the development of good planning, monitoring programmes and better management of harbour ecosystems. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.10aharbours10ameiofauna10anematodes10aorganic matter10asediment1 aMoreno, M.1 aFerrero, T., J.1 aGallizia, I.1 aVezzulli, L.1 aAlbertelli, G.1 aFabiano, M.  uhttps://nematoda.myspecies.info/content/assessment-spatial-heterogeneity-environmental-disturbance-within-enclosed-harbour-through-a01949nas a2200241   4500008004100000245007600041210006900117260006700186300001400253490000700267520114000274653002901414653001201443653001401455653001401469100002301483700002001506700002101526700001801547700002601565700001901591856009701610       2008                        eng d00aThe use of meiofauna diversity as an indicator of pollution in harbours0 ause of meiofauna diversity as an indicator of pollution in harbo  aGREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLANDbOXFORD UNIV PRESS  a1428-14350 v653 aWe assessed several meiofaunal indices in sediments of three Mediterranean harbours differing in environmental contamination to evaluate their usefulness as indicators of pollution and to identify those that best described environmental quality. In general, indicators based on meiofaunal taxa demonstrated a significant correlation with the concentration of contaminants, especially the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons ( PAHs). Nematode genus-based indicators correlated with contaminant concentrations at similar levels of significance, suggesting that a high taxonomic resolution does not improve the information content of meiofauna diversity indicators for assessing the environmental quality in these harbours. Notably, environmental variables that affect meiofaunal and nematode assemblages ( e. g. water depth, grain size, and food sources) demonstrated a low spatial and temporal variability in the harbours investigated and did not represent important confounding factors. We conclude that the application of meiofaunal and nematode indices can be a useful tool for assessing the environmental quality of harbour ecosystems.10aenvironmental indicators10aharbour10ameiofauna10anematodes1 aMoreno, Mariapaola1 aVezzulli, Luigi1 aMarin, Valentina1 aLaconi, Paola1 aAlbertelli, Giancarlo1 aFabiano, Mauro  uhttps://nematoda.myspecies.info/content/use-meiofauna-diversity-indicator-pollution-harbours02634nas a2200301   4500008004100000245010100041210006900142260006600211300001000277490000800287520163000295653001701925653001901942653001501961653001401976653001801990653002402008100001902032700002202051700002002073700002002093700001602113700001502129700001602144700001902160700001802179856013502197       2009                        eng d00aEffects of CO2 induced seawater acidification on infaunal diversity and sediment nutrient fluxes0 aEffects of CO2 induced seawater acidification on infaunal divers  aNORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANYbINTER-RESEARCH  a59-750 v3793 aA mesocosm experiment was conducted to quantify the effects of short- (2 wk) and long-term (20 wk) exposure to acidified seawater on the structure and diversity of macrofaunal and nematode assemblages in 2 different sediment. types. The impact of acidified seawater on sediment nutrient fluxes was also determined. Using carbon dioxide (CO2) gas, seawater was acidified to pH 7.3 (mimicking ocean acidification), 6.5 or 5.6 (mimicking leakage from a sub-seabed CO2 store site). Control treatments were maintained in natural seawater [pH approximate to 8.0). Exposure to acidified seawater significantly altered community structure and reduced diversity for both macrofaunal and nematode assemblages, However, the impact on nematodes was less severe than that on macrofauna. While the communities in both sediment types were significantly affected by changes in seawater pH, impacts on sandy sediment fauna were greater than those on muddy sediment fauna. Sandy sediments also showed the greatest effects with respect to nutrient fluxes. In sand, the efflux of nitrite, nitrate and silicate decreased in response to increased acidification while the efflux of ammonium increased, In mud, acidification increased the efflux of ammonium but had no effect on the other nutrients. We conclude that both leakage from carbon storage and ocean acidification could cause significant changes in the structure and diversity of coastal sediment communities. Lowered seawater pH could also affect nutrient cycling directly by altering bacterial communities and indirectly through impacts on the abundance and activity of key bioturbators.10aBiodiversity10aCarbon storage10aMacrofauna10ameiofauna10aNutrient flux10aOcean acidification1 aWiddicombe, S.1 aDashfield, S., L.1 aMcNeill, C., L.1 aNeedham, H., R.1 aBeesley, A.1 aMcEvoy, A.1 aOxnevad, S.1 aClarke, K., R.1 aBerge, J., A.  uhttps://nematoda.myspecies.info/content/effects-co2-induced-seawater-acidification-infaunal-diversity-and-sediment-nutrient-fluxes02699nas a2200253   4500008004100000245011300041210006900154260010100223300001200324490000700336520175000343653002302093653002202116653001402138653001402152653001902166653001402185100002202199700002002221700002202241700002302263700002202286856013702308       2009                        eng d00aOrganic matter composition, metazoan meiofauna and nematode biodiversity in Mediterranean deep-sea sediments0 aOrganic matter composition metazoan meiofauna and nematode biodi  aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLANDbPERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD  a755-7620 v563 aTo identify the relationships between the abundance and biodiversity of deep-sea meiofauna and their food resources in the Tyrrhenian Sea (Mediterranean Sea), we have investigated the quantity and biochemical composition of sediment organic matter, the metazoan meiofauna abundance and biomass, and the nematode biodiversity at meso- (> 50 km) and/or local (< 1 km) scales. Sediment samples were collected at four deep-sea sites (from 3430 to 3581 m in depth), two of which were close to two seamounts. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences at both the meso- and local scales (i.e. between sites and between stations at each site), and showed that the variability at the mesoscale was much higher than that at the local scale. The values of all of the investigated variables were generally lowest in sediments surrounding the seamounts, suggesting a role for these submersed structures in the abundance of the metazoan meiofauna and their resources. The nematode assemblage composition changed significantly across the four sites. Among the 96 identified nematode species, 14 were exclusively seen in sediments around the two seamounts, and only three species were present at all sampling stations. Differences in the trophic structures of the nematode assemblages were also linked with differences in the biochemical composition of sediment organic matter. These results indicate that high beta-diversity in soft sediments around deep seamounts is associated with diversification of the benthic food webs, and suggest that while making the sediments poorer for food availability for benthic consumers, the presence of seamounts enhances the biodiversity in neighbouring sediments. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.10aDeep-sea sediments10aMediterranean Sea10ameiofauna10anematodes10aorganic matter10aSeamounts1 aPusceddu, Antonio1 aGambi, Cristina1 aZeppilli, Daniela1 aBianchelli, Silvia1 aDanovaro, Roberto  uhttps://nematoda.myspecies.info/content/organic-matter-composition-metazoan-meiofauna-and-nematode-biodiversity-mediterranean-deep-s02205nas a2200253   4500008004100000245011500041210006900156260005200225300001400277490000700291520130800298653001701606653001701623653001401640653001301654653002101667653002201688653001901710100002201729700002101751700001701772700002501789856013701814       2009                        eng d00aYermak Plateau revisited: spatial and temporal patterns of meiofaunal assemblages under permanent ice-coverage0 aYermak Plateau revisited spatial and temporal patterns of meiofa  a233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USAbSPRINGER  a1159-11760 v323 aBenthic sampling between 1997 and 2006 on the Yermak Plateau, a permanently ice-covered submarine peninsula northwest of Svalbard, exhibited regional differences with generally higher meiofauna numbers in southern and western parts (similar to 2,250-2,300 ind. 10 cm(-2) in the south-west, compared with similar to similar to 1,200-1,350 ind. 10 cm(-2) in the north-east). Distribution patterns suggest a current-driven lateral input of POM, produced in the high-productive Marginal Ice Zone, with increased intensity along the western slope of the plateau. Significant correlations between comparably 'fresh' sediment-bound phytodetritus and the taxonomic composition of meiofauna assemblages indicate that food quality decisively affects the community structure. The long-term development of meiobenthic communities showed no clear trend; however, a comparison of summer and winter data exhibited higher meiofauna densities and a more diverse composition in July samples. The predominance of small nematodes in the summer samples might point to reproductive activities stimulated by increased food availability. The taxonomic composition of nematode assemblages showed distinct regional differences, thereby indicating more stable environmental conditions in north-eastern parts of the Yermak Plateau.10aArctic Ocean10aForaminifera10ameiofauna10aNematoda10aSpatial patterns10aTemporal patterns10aYermak Plateau1 aSoltwedel, Thomas1 aMokievsky, Vadim1 aSchewe, Ingo1 aHasemann, Christiane  uhttps://nematoda.myspecies.info/content/yermak-plateau-revisited-spatial-and-temporal-patterns-meiofaunal-assemblages-under-permanen01956nas a2200265   4500008004100000245008600041210006900127260010100196300001200297490000700309520106800316653001401384653001301398653001401411653001901425653001201444100001901456700002501475700002201500700002201522700001901544700000501563700000501568856011701573       2009                        eng d00aRecolonisation of mine tailing by meiofauna in mesocosm and microcosm experiments0 aRecolonisation of mine tailing by meiofauna in mesocosm and micr  aTHE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLANDbPERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD  a841-8500 v583 aThe Batu Hijau copper/gold mine in Sumbawa, Indonesia processes ore at approximately 130,000 tpd and discharges tailing via a submarine pipeline to depths below 3000 m at the base of a submarine canyon. The study investigated recolonisation of tailing by meiofauna and its dependence on subsequent accumulation of natural sediment. Microcosm and mesocosm scale experiments were carried out using two tailing and two control samples, the latter comprising defaunated and unaffected natural sediment. All test materials were similar in physical and chemical respects, except for the higher copper concentration in the tailing. The abundances of meiofauna colonising defaunated controls and both tailing samples increased from zero to levels statistically indistinguishable from natural unaffected controls after 97 and 203 days. Colonisation was well established in tailing from freshly mined ore after 40 days, and in oxidized tailing from stockpiled ore after 65 days, and was not dependent on settled natural material. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.10ameiofauna10aMesocosm10amicrocosm10aRecolonisation10aTailing1 aGwyther, David1 aBatterham, Grant, J.1 aWaworuntu, Jorina1 aGultom, Tonny, H.1 aPrayogo, Windy1 a1 a  uhttps://nematoda.myspecies.info/content/recolonisation-mine-tailing-meiofauna-mesocosm-and-microcosm-experiments02200nas a2200193   4500008004100000245013300041210006900174260007200243300001000315490000700325520138700332653003301719653001401752653002701766653002301793100002501816700002801841856013701869       2009                        eng d00aThe abundance and distribution of free-living marine nematodes of the Piltun-Astokhskoye oil and gas field (North-East Sakhalin)0 aabundance and distribution of freeliving marine nematodes of the  aINVERGOWRIE, DUNDEE DD2 5DA, SCOTLANDbMYLNEFIELD RESEARCH SERVICES  a31-420 v173 aAlthough offshore oil and gas production platforms are a potential source for a number of toxic compounds, their impact on the meiofauna is insufficiently studied. In the vicinity of the oil and gas production platform MOLIKPAQ (North-East Sakhalin, the Sea of Okhotsk), the relative abundance of meiofauna assemblages ranged from 23.5 to 406.0 ind. 10 cm(-2). The dominant group, nematodes, ranged from 6 to 385 ind. 10 cm(-2). The maximum nematode density was at the distance of 250 in from the platform coupled with the highest petroleum hydrocarbons concentration (6.52 mg g(-1)) and the lowest values of the Shannon-Wiener diversity and Pielou's evenness indices (1.25 and 0.33, respectively). In total, 69 nematode species were found. Disturbance in the structure of nematocenes, decrease of number species, drop of biological diversity indices, as well as increase in dominance of some nematode species of occurred in response to the introduction of PHCs as a stress factor. CLUSTER, MDS and SIMPER analyses clearly distinguished site groupings related to the different concentrations of PHC and sediment granulometry. The significant differences of nematode assemblages occurred in the response to the appearance of even low-level PHC contamination sediment. These results suggest that nematode assemblages can be used to detect non-catastrophic levels of oil contamination.10aFree-living marine nematodes10ameiofauna10apetroleum hydrocarbons10athe Sea of Okhotsk1 aFadeeva, Natalia, P.1 aMaslennikov, Sergei, I.  uhttps://nematoda.myspecies.info/content/abundance-and-distribution-free-living-marine-nematodes-piltun-astokhskoye-oil-and-gas-field