02451nas a2200181   4500008004100000245010400041210006900145260005200214300001200266490000800278520174800286100002102034700002002055700002302075700001902098700001902117856013302136       2009                        eng d00aThe impact of seabed disturbance on nematode communities: linking field and laboratory observations0 aimpact of seabed disturbance on nematode communities linking fie  a233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USAbSPRINGER  a709-7240 v1563 aPhysical disturbance is a key factor in controlling the spatial and temporal composition of shallow-water benthic communities. Like shallow waters, deeper waters are increasingly subject to a range of anthropogenic disturbances, which can lead to significant alterations in sedimentation patterns. These alterations often exceed naturally occurring changes. We used a combined analysis of six independent data sets arising from large-scale field surveys and small-scale laboratory experiments to investigate the effects of seabed disturbance on nematode communities. Disturbance response was documented as a function of disturbance type (coastal development, dredged material disposal, bottom trawling, glacial fjord) and intensity (low, medium, high). Natural and man-induced seabed disturbance exerted differential effects on exposed populations, generating changes in the taxonomic (genus) and functional (feeding type) attributes of their assemblages. The genus composition of nematode assemblages from geographically separate seas converged with increased level of various types of man-made disturbance. Assemblages present along a gradient of natural disturbance in a glacial fjord followed an opposite response vector, suggesting that community changes induced by anthropogenic activities, or experimental treatments simulating the principal impacts of these, inherently differ from disturbance of natural origin. Changes in trophic diversity and structure were primarily driven by factors confounded with physical disturbance, such as metal contamination. Coupling the results of analyses at multiple scales proved a useful means of providing deeper insights into the general response of ecological communities to environmental change.1 aSchratzberger, M1 aLampadariou, N.1 aSomerfield, P., J.1 aVandepitte, L.1 aBerghe, Vanden  uhttps://nematoda.myspecies.info/content/impact-seabed-disturbance-nematode-communities-linking-field-and-laboratory-observations00605nas a2200133   4500008004100000245014400041210006900185300001600254490000800270100001700278700002000295700001900315856013700334       2007                        eng d00aSeasonal change of species composition, abundance, and reproduction of solitary entoprocts in Okinawa Island, the Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan0 aSeasonal change of species composition abundance and reproductio  a2099–21070 v1511 aIseto, Tohru1 aYokuta, Yasuaki1 aHirose, Euichi  uhttps://nematoda.myspecies.info/content/seasonal-change-species-composition-abundance-and-reproduction-solitary-entoprocts-okinawa-i02760nas a2200193   4500008004100000245012300041210006900164260005600233300001200289490000800301520200200309100001602311700001902327700001902346700002502365700001902390700002002409856013702429       2008                        eng d00aEvaluation of combined morphological and molecular techniques for marine nematode (Terschellingia spp.) identification0 aEvaluation of combined morphological and molecular techniques fo  a233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USAbSPRINGER  a509-5180 v1543 aMarine nematodes, which play an important role in many ecosystems, include a number of apparently cosmopolitan taxa that exhibit broad biogeographic ranges even though there is no obvious dispersal phase in their lifecycle. In this study, standard taxonomic approaches to marine nematode identification in conjunction with multivariate statistical analysis of morphometric data were compared with molecular techniques. Specimens of the marine nematode Terschellingia longicaudata that had been identified by their morphological features were investigated from a range of localities (East and West Atlantic, Bahrain, Malaysia) and habitats (estuarine, intertidal, subtidal) using molecular approaches based on the amplification and sequencing of the small subunit ribosomal RNA (18S rRNA). The study revealed that the majority of the morphologically defined T. longicaudata specimens share a single 18S rRNA sequence and apparently belong to a single taxon distributed from the British Isles to Malaysia. In addition, 18S rRNA analysis also revealed two additional sequences. One of these sequences was found in both the British Isles and Mexico, the other was recorded only from British waters. Individuals collected in Bahrain and identified from their morphology as T. longicaudata had two highly divergent 18S rRNA sequences. Separate morphological and morphometric approaches to identification of specimens from the same sites that had been formalin-preserved did not support evidence of multiple genotypes revealed previously by molecular analysis. Current taxonomy based on morphological characters detected using light-microscopy may be unable to discriminate possible species complexes. Biodiversity of marine nematodes may often be underestimated due to the presence of morphologically cryptic species complexes. High-throughput techniques such as DNA barcoding would aid in species identification but may require thorough analysis of multiple nuclear and mitochondrial molecular markers.1 aBhadury, P.1 aAusten, M., C.1 aBilton, D., T.1 aLambshead, P., J. D.1 aRogers, A., D.1 aSmerdon, G., R.  uhttps://nematoda.myspecies.info/content/evaluation-combined-morphological-and-molecular-techniques-marine-nematode-terschellingia-sp00524nas a2200121   4500008004100000245010100041210006900142300001400211490000800225100002100233700002000254856012800274       1998                        eng d00aEffects of Physical Disturbance On Nematode Communities in Sand and Mud - a Microcosm Experiment0 aEffects of Physical Disturbance On Nematode Communities in Sand   a643–6500 v1301 aSchratzberger, M1 aWarwick, R., M.  uhttps://nematoda.myspecies.info/content/effects-physical-disturbance-nematode-communities-sand-and-mud-microcosm-experiment